Characterization and modeling of a planar ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer for periodontal scalers

Caries and periodontitis affect the majority of adults during their lifetime. Piezoelectric ultrasonic scalers offer great benefits prevention treatment periodontal diseases. Our group developed a novel scaler based on planar piezoelectric transducer. However, similar to other configurations, transducer’s characteristics are strongly influenced by operation conditions. In this study, we investigated influence driving voltage amplitude loading force applied using physical calculus models input impedance vibration. results show that resonance frequency, i.e. frequency at which maximal deflection tip occurs, decreases with increasing while it increases force. Additionally, decreasing amplitudes both increase minimal magnitude reduce phase near resonance. Based these observations, procedure extend Butterworth–Van-Dyke (BVD) Model. The extended BVD allow simulate transducer in realistic scenarios may facilitate development dedicated control systems for transducers.